Copyright Guidelines*
即单复制老师
可以按照其个人要求，由任何教职员工或工作人员或任何教职员工或其任何部分或其任何部分的单一副本：
- A chapter from a book
- An article from a periodical or newspaper
- A short story, short essay, or short poem, whether or not from a collective work
- A chart, graph, diagram, drawing, cartoon, or picture from a book, periodical, or newspaper
II. Multiple copies for classroom use
Multiple copies (not to exceed in any event more than one copy per pupil in a course) may be made by or for the faculty giving the course for classroom use or discussion provided that
- the copying meets the tests of brevity and spontaneity as defined below;
- the copying meets the cumulative effect test as defined below; and
- each copy includes a notice of copyright.
III. Prohibitions as to I and II above
Notwithstanding any of the above, the following shall be prohibited:
- Copying shall not be used to create or to replace or substitute for anthologies, compilations, or collective works. A prohibited replacement or substitution occurs regardless of whether copies of various works or excerpts there from are accumulated or are reproduced and used separately.
- 在学习或教学过程中，不得复制或来自旨在“消耗”的作品。其中包括工作簿，练习，标准化测试，测试手册，答案表和类似的消耗材料。
- Copying may not
- substitute for the purchase of books, publisher's reprints, or periodicals;
- be directed by higher authority; or
- be repeated with respect to the same item by the same teacher from term to term.
- No charge may be made to the student beyond the actual cost of the photocopying.
IV. Definitions
- Brevity
- Poetry: (a) A complete poem if fewer than 250 words and if printed on not more than two pages or (b) an excerpt of not more than 250 words from a longer poem.
- Prose: (a) All or any portion of a complete article, story, or essay of 2,500 words or fewer, or (b) an excerpt from any prose work of more than 2,500 words, which excerpt may be up to 1,000 words or 10% of the work, whichever is less, but a minimum of 500 words.
(The numerical limits stated in "1" and "2" above may be expanded to permit the completion of an unfinished line of a poem or of an unfinished prose paragraph.
- Illustration: One chart, graph, drawing, cartoon, or picture per book or per periodical issue.
- “特殊”作品：诗歌，散文或“诗歌散文”中的某些作品，这些作品通常将语言与插图结合在一起，有时是针对孩子的，而在其他时候则是全部的全部观众。尽管上面是“ 2”节，但这种特殊作品可能不会全部复制；但是，可以复制的摘录构成不超过此类特殊工作的两页，包含不超过10％的单词。
- Spontaneity
- The copying is at the instance and inspiration of the individual teacher, and
- The inspiration and decision to use the work and the moment of its use for maximum teaching effectiveness are so close in time that it would be unreasonable to expect a timely reply to a request for permission.
- Cumulative Effect
- The copying of the material is for only one course in the school in which the copies are made.
- Not more than one short poem, article, story, essay or two excerpts may be copied from the same author, not more than three from the same collective work or periodical volume during one class term.
- There shall not be more than nine instances of such multiple copying for one course during one class term.
V. Permissions
When multiple photocopying of copyrighted material is not within the Guidelines, it is required that staff or faculty member request permission in writing. Communication of complete and accurate information to the copyright owner will facilitate the request. Although alternatives may be acceptable, the Association of American Publishers suggests that the following information be included to expedite the process:
- Title, author, and/or editor, and edition of materials to be duplicated
- Exact material to be used, giving amount, page number, chapters, and, if possible, a photocopy of the material
- Number of copies to be made
- Use to be made of duplicated materials
- Form of distribution (classroom, newsletter, etc.)
- 是否not the material is to be sold
- 转载类型（同上，影印本，偏移，排版）
该请求应与自我吸收的回报信封一起发送给有关发行商的许可部门。如果出版商的地址没有出现在材料的前面，则可以从文学市场（For Books）或Ulrich的国际期刊（对于期刊）中获得，均由R.R. Bowker Company出版。出于证明目的并定义许可的范围，重要的是以书面形式获得许可。
The process of considering permission requests requires time for the publisher to check the status and ownership of rights and related matters, and to evaluate the request. It is advisable, therefore, to allow sufficient lead time. In some instances, the publisher may assess a fee for permission, which may be passed on to the students who receive copies of the photocopied material or be paid by the requesting component as an ordinary expense.
If occasional time exigencies obviate the usefulness of the prior request letter, then the infrequent use of telephone permissions is acceptable. These must be supported by a follow-up permission letter from the copyright proprietor.
*这些准则的目的是规定根据1976年《版权法案》第107条的第107条的第107条第17条第107条，教育公平使用的最低教育公平用途。
Updated 4/91, 01/08