Spinal Tumors

什么是脊柱肿瘤？

脊髓的肿瘤是在脊髓或骨质脊柱周围或周围发现的组织异常生长。良性肿瘤是非癌性的，恶性肿瘤是癌性的。任何异常生长，无论是良性还是恶性，都可以对敏感的组织施加压力和损害功能。

脊柱肿瘤由脊柱发生的区域命名：颈（颈部），胸部（胸部），腰部（下背部）和骨s骨（骨盆）。椎间内肿瘤位于脊髓的薄覆盖物（硬脑膜）内。脊髓内内肿瘤生长，外膜肿瘤位于硬脑膜外。

脊柱肿瘤的原因

Tumors that originate in the spinal column are called primary tumors, and their causes are mostly unknown. Some are caused by exposure to radiation or cancer-causing chemical or by out-of-control growth among cells that surround and support neuron-specific genetic disease, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 and tuberous sclerosis.

脊柱中的转移性肿瘤或继发性肿瘤是由癌细胞脱离位于人体另一个区域的原发性肿瘤的癌细胞引起的。肿瘤会给脊柱的组织和神经施加压力，并损害功能。可能传播到脊柱的常见原发性癌症包括乳房，肺和前列腺。可能传播的其他癌症包括胃肠道，肾脏和甲状腺的癌症；淋巴瘤；黑色素瘤；和肉瘤。

脊柱肿瘤和诊断的早期迹象

背部疼痛,不是由损伤引起的,活动,or physical stress is the most common symptom of spinal tumors. Other symptoms include loss of sensation or muscle weakness in the legs, arms, or chest; a stiff neck or back; difficulty walking and frequent falls; decreased sensitivity to pain, heat, and cold; loss of bowel or bladder function; and paralysis in various parts of the body, depending on which nerves are compressed. These symptoms usually develop slowly and worsen over time.

我们的脊柱专家通常在神经检查后诊断脊柱肿瘤。实验室测试；成像技术，例如骨扫描，CT扫描，MRI和正电子发射断层扫描；和活检，其中从可疑的肿瘤中抽取组织样品并检查。给予恶性肿瘤的数量得分，反映了恶性肿瘤的率，这有助于医生确定如何治疗肿瘤并预测每位患者的可能结果和长期预后。

Treatment

The most common treatments for spinal tumors are observation, surgery,radiation和化学疗法。您的医生还可以开处方类固醇，以减少脊柱内部的任何与肿瘤有关的肿胀。

如果肿瘤没有症状或轻度症状，并且似乎没有改变，您的医生可能建议通过定期MRI扫描对其进行监控。如果是手术的选择，则过程和方法将取决于许多因素，包括脊柱管中的位置。在恶性肿瘤的情况下，有些对化学疗法的反应更好，而另一些则可能对辐射反应。

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您可以在Uthealth神经科学上期待什么

The UTHealth Neurosciences Spine Center brings together a multidisciplinary team of board-certified, fellowship-trained neurosurgeons, neurologists, researchers, and pain management specialists who work together to help provide relief for even the most complex problems. Your team will share insights, leading to better treatment decisions and outcomes.

We first investigate nonsurgical treatment options, including medical management, pain management, physical therapy, rehabilitation, and watchful waiting. When surgery is needed, our neurosurgeons routinely employ innovative minimally invasive techniques. Throughout the treatment process, we will work closely with the doctor who referred you to ensure a smooth transition back to your regular care. While you are with us, you will receive expert care, excellent communication, and genuine compassion.

Anatomy of the neck and spine

• 颈椎区域（椎骨C1-C7）涵盖了头骨下的前七个椎骨。他们的主要功能是支撑头部的重量，平均磅10磅。颈椎比其他区域更容易流动，而地图集和轴椎骨促进了颈部的各种运动。这些椎骨的开口使动脉可以将血液带到大脑，并允许脊髓通过。它们是最薄，最精致的椎骨。
• The thoracic region (vertebrae T1-T12) is composed of 12 small bones in the upper chest. Thoracic vertebrae are the only ones that support the ribs. Muscle tension from poor posture, arthritis, and osteoporosis are common sources of pain in this region.
• The lumbar region (vertebrae L1-L5) features vertebrae that are much larger to absorb the stress of lifting and carrying heavy objects. Injuries to the lumbar region can result in some loss of function in the hips, legs, and bladder control.
• The sacral region (vertebrae S1-S5) includes a large bone at the bottom of the spine. The sacrum is triangular-shaped and consists of five fused bones that protect the pelvic organs.

Spine Disease and Back Pain

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