关于脑肿瘤的事实
A brain tumor diagnosis can feel overwhelming, but patients have varying experiences, depending on the type, size, and growth rate of the tumor. Because brain tumors can be extremely complex and may affect multiple systems in the body, they require comprehensive, multidisciplinary care.
The complicated nature of brain tumors leads to many misconceptions. Below, UTHealth Houston Neurosciences neurosurgeonKrish Vigneswaran博士提供有关这些肿瘤的症状，原因和治疗的准确和有用的信息。
Fact #1: Brain tumor patients have various symptoms.
Each person who is diagnosed with a brain tumor will have a different set of symptoms. These symptoms may include changes in sensation, speech, vision, or hearing. A patient may also experience weakness, headaches, nausea, vomiting, seizures, or balance difficulties.
If you are experiencing headaches with vision changes, it is more likely to indicate migraines, cluster headaches, or tension headaches than a brain tumor. These conditions should not be alarming.
但是，持续的头痛或视力模糊不清，通常会因药物而变得更好，或者伴随着持续的恶心或呕吐，应促使医生进行更彻底的评估。根据特定症状，您的医生可能会订购CT或MRI扫描。
Fact #2: Microwaves, X-rays, cell phones, and artificial sweeteners don’t cause brain tumors.
您的活动不会引起脑瘤。脑肿瘤流行病学联盟（BTEC）发表的研究已经研究了数十年来的大量人口数据集，以寻找与脑肿瘤有关的风险。一些最大的studies射频辐射对大脑的影响没有发现关注的显着原因。
This myth is based on the misconception that cell phones and other devices emit small amounts of electromagnetic radiation that could lead to DNA damage in brain cells, causing them to mutate into malignant tumor cells.
The evidence has not shown this to be accurate. Radiation that would cause this degree of damage would actually burn the skin first, while simultaneous forming a tumor. Also, the bone of the skull is composed of calcium, which is another barrier of protection from radio-frequency radiation.
此外，牙科X射线技术已经发展了数十年，当今的X射线使用较低的辐射剂量，使用较新的机器使用较少的功率并且能够更狭窄的焦点。
事实＃3：遗传学不确定谁会发展出脑肿瘤。
绝大多数脑肿瘤都是随机发生的，在普通人群中非常罕见。
However, there are some rare genetic conditions that predispose individuals to develop certain types of brain tumors. Conditions including neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2, tuberous sclerosis, Turcot syndrome, retinoblastoma and Li-Fraumeni syndrome可以诱发个人在整个身体中发展神经胶质瘤和其他肿瘤。自从绘制人类基因组并将这些信息与个性化医学时代的新数据相结合以来，我们发现了与新发现的基因和小核苷酸多态性（SNP）相关的新遗传联系。
事实＃4：脑肿瘤需要治疗。
In other parts of the body, a benign tumor is usually associated with a good prognosis. However, because of the unique nature of the brain, benign tumors can pose a danger by placing pressure on the brain, compressing cranial nerves or causing swelling of the brain stem. In these situations, the tumors must be treated to prevent continued neurologic complications that may lead to death.
从大脑开始或传播到大脑的恶性肿瘤也带来了独特的挑战。与位于人体其他区域的肿瘤不同，无法通过手术去除脑肿瘤的所有痕迹。这些肿瘤将始终在微观水平上扩散到周围的脑组织。即使经过仔细的手术切除，也总是需要进一步治疗和/或监视。
良性和恶性脑瘤可以复发。Following up with a specialist is important to determine if and when a tumor has returned. Additionally, some treatment options have long-term side effects that need to be monitored.
治疗完成后，您的医生将过渡到监视的状态，在该状态下，将定期检查成像测试和实验室工作。对于某些脑肿瘤，经过足够的时间，您的医生可能会清除您不再需要进一步的监视扫描。但是，如果患者注意到任何新症状，应始终监测其症状并返回医生。
Depending on the type of brain tumor and the course of treatment, patients may experience long-term effects. When treatment ends, many patients feel a sense of relief but also uncertainty about the path forward. Often, patients will need to adapt to a “new normal” way of living.
休斯顿神经科学is a large, comprehensive academic and research-based program that provides the full continuum of neuroscience care. Our group consists of over 150 providers who are committed to quality outcomes and to each patient’s experience. To ask us a question, schedule an appointment, or learn more about us, please call (713) 500-8846 (UTHN).
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关于作者
Krish Vigneswaran博士在脑和脊柱的良性和恶性肿瘤方面具有特殊的专业知识，使用立体定向神经运动，术中脑作用，清醒的颅骨症，荧光引导手术，内窥镜手术以及其他提供安全切除肿瘤的工具。此内容不是医疗建议或替代专业医疗建议。如果您或任何其他人有医疗问题，则应咨询医疗保健提供者。如果您认为您可能有医疗紧急情况，请立即致电您的医疗服务提供者或紧急服务。不要因为您在本网站或任何链接材料中阅读的内容而忽略专业医疗建议或延迟寻求它。