有孔切除术

什么是有孔切除术？

A foraminectomy is a procedure that increases the size of the foraminal canal and relieves pinched nerve roots by removing excess bone and vertebral disk material. It is often combined another procedure, which could include a laminectomy, discectomy, or spinal fusion to improve spinal strength and stability. A foraminectomy can relieve pressure from foraminal stenosis,退化性椎间盘疾病，脊椎病，一种herniated disc, or pinched nerves.

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The UTHealth Neurosciences Spine Center brings together a multidisciplinary team of board-certified, fellowship-trained neurosurgeons, neurologists, researchers, and pain management specialists who work together to help provide relief for even the most complex problems. People who suffer from radiculopathy, spondylosis, spinal stenosis, herniated disc, degenerative disc disease, peripheral nerve disorders, spinal cord injury, or other trauma benefit from our collaborative expertise in managing spine disorders.

我们的多学科专家团队分享了见解，从而做出了更好的治疗决策和结果。我们首先研究非手术治疗方案，包括医疗管理，疼痛管理，物理疗法，康复和注意等待。当需要手术时，我们的神经外科医生通常采用创新的微创技术。在整个治疗过程中，我们将与医生紧密合作，该医生向您推荐您，以确保顺利过渡到您的常规护理。当您与我们在一起时，您将获得专家护理，出色的沟通和真正的同情心。

Anatomy of the neck and spine

The spine is divided into the following regions:

• 颈椎区域（椎骨C1-C7）涵盖了头骨下的前七个椎骨。他们的主要功能是支撑头部的重量，平均磅10磅。颈椎比其他区域更容易流动，而地图集和轴椎骨促进了颈部的各种运动。这些椎骨的开口使动脉可以将血液带到大脑，并允许脊髓通过。它们是最薄，最精致的椎骨。
• The thoracic region (vertebrae T1-T12) is composed of 12 small bones in the upper chest. Thoracic vertebrae are the only ones that support the ribs. Muscle tension from poor posture, arthritis, and osteoporosis are common sources of pain in this region.
• The lumbar region (vertebrae L1-L5) features vertebrae that are much larger to absorb the stress of lifting and carrying heavy objects. Injuries to the lumbar region can result in some loss of function in the hips, legs, and bladder control.
• The sacral region (vertebrae S1-S5) includes a large bone at the bottom of the spine. The sacrum is triangular-shaped and consists of five fused bones that protect the pelvic organs.

孔切除术的原因

大多数颈部疼痛不需要手术。如果您的症状使您的生活质量有衰弱的症状，即使在尝试了更保守的治疗（例如药物或物理疗法）后，您的外科医生可能会建议您进行有孔切除术。

Degenerative arthritis of the spine is one of the most common reasons a foraminectomy might be performed. Skeletal and congenital problems might also be the reason for the procedure.

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手术和康复期间的期望

You may need an MRI or other imaging before the procedure. Prior to surgery, smokers will be urged to quit. Patients might be encouraged to eat a diet high in protein prior too surgery to aid with healing.

在手术过程中，您将躺在胃中，因为外科医生将其切入背部或颈部并暴露了受影响的椎骨。您的外科医生将使用小型工具去除任何障碍物，例如骨刺或凸起的磁盘，以外科手术扩大孔。外科医生有时会进行椎板切除术以去除部分椎骨。

鼓励患者开始在医院行走，通常在一天之内出院，并指示增加每天花费的时间。患者在手术后的颈部，上背部，肩膀甚至臀部疼痛是正常的。手术后，患者也可能会遇到嘶哑或困难。大多数患者在四到六周内康复。手术后几天，患者可能会经历一些嘶哑或困难。您的脊柱外科医生将为您提供与您的状况和生活方式目标有关的具体信息，以及有关手术的详细描述以及如何使如何获得最佳康复的说明。

Spine Disease and Back Pain

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