声学神经瘤

What is an Acoustic Neuroma?

声学神经瘤是一种良性（非癌性），通常是生长缓慢的脑肿瘤，它会从平衡和供应内耳的神经中发展出来。它是由于雪旺细胞的过量生产而导致的，该细胞包裹着神经纤维，以帮助和隔离神经。每年大约有100,000人中有1个人会发展出声学神经瘤，使其成为罕见的状况。肿瘤也被称为前庭造型群。

As the tumor grows it affects the nerves that control hearing and balance, causing hearing loss in one ear, tinnitus (ringing in the ear), and dizziness or loss of balance. The tumor may also interfere with the trigeminal nerve, causing facial numbness. Large acoustic neuromas may push against important structures in the brain, becoming life-threatening.

Unilateral acoustic neuromas affect one ear, and commonly occur in adults between the ages of 30 and 60.

双侧声学神经瘤都会影响耳朵，并且是由一种罕见的遗传疾病引起的，称为2型神经纤维瘤病（NF2）。NF2通常在青少年和年轻人中发展。

What You Can Expect at UTHealth Neurosciences

At UTHealth Neurosciences, neurologists, neurosurgeons, neuro-oncologists, and radiation oncologists work together to determine the care each patient needs, discussing treatment options as a group. This approach saves our patients time and money and allows our specialists to share each other’s insights during the exam, leading to better treatment decision-making and outcomes.

We first investigate options for nonsurgical treatment, including medical management, pain management, physical therapy, rehabilitation, and watchful waiting. When surgery is needed, our neurosurgeons routinely employ innovative, minimally invasive techniques. Throughout the treatment process, our team will work closely with the doctor who referred you to ensure a smooth transition back to your normal care plan. While you are with us, you can expect expert care, excellent communication, and true compassion.

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Causes of Acoustic Neuroma

beplay苹果手机能用吗研究科学家现在认为，在基因在染色体上失去功能后，单侧和双侧声学神经瘤形成形成。该基因会产生一种控制schwann细胞生长的蛋白质，当它发生故障时，施旺恩细胞的生长未控制，导致导致肿瘤。具有NF2的患者在22号染色体上遗传了错误的基因。

声学神经瘤和诊断的早期迹象

Unilateral (one-sided) loss of hearing that worsens gradually, tinnitus, and dizziness or loss of balance are early signs of acoustic neuroma. Because symptoms may be subtle early in the growth of the tumor, detection can be difficult. Also, many problems of the middle and inner ear have the same symptoms. Other symptoms of acoustic neuroma are a feeling of fullness in the affected ear, headache, and facial numbness or tingling on the affected side.

If you have these symptoms, your doctor will recommend a thorough ear examination, hearing and balance testing, and neurological exams of your vision, muscle strength, and reflexes. MRI scans are important for accurate diagnosis and to determine the location and size of the tumor. They also help surgeons plan for microsurgical removal.

治疗

Doctors at UTHealth Neurosciences are committed to providing you and your family with compassionate care and the most advanced treatments.

There are three options for treating acoustic neuroma: surgical removal, radiation, and observation. Gamma Knife® radiosurgery may also be used to reduce the size or limit the growth of the tumor. If you have a small tumor that is not growing, your physician team may recommend watchful waiting.

脑肿瘤中心

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