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科学家和神经外科医师联队为患有脑部疾病的婴儿开发新型成像装置

Photo of Manish N. Shah, MD, holding the patient while the Cap-based Transcranial Optical Tomography captures whole-brain imaging in minutes. (Photo credit: Manish N. Shah, MD)
医学博士Manish N. Shah持有患者,而基于CAP的经颅光学断层扫描将在几分钟内捕获全脑成像。(图片来源:Manish N. Shah,医学博士)

使用夜间视觉护目镜技术,近红外的光和高分辨率探测器,由一组科学家和德克萨斯大学健康科学中心的儿科神经外科医生组成的可穿戴成像装置,用于脑部疾病的清醒婴儿。Uthealth)。基于盖的基于帽的经颅光学断层扫描(CTOT)是使用婴儿头盖的,是第一个高分辨率的全脑功能成像装置,不需要婴儿在麻醉下。

该研究最beplay苹果手机能用吗近发表在医学成像期刊的IEEE交易,电气和电子工程师研究所杂志。

通过CTOT进行的精确成像,发音为“ See Tot”,可帮助医生准确诊断婴儿脑损伤的严重程度,并确定理想的治疗方法,以优化整个儿童期的生活质量。

脑瘫,与出生有关的中风和癫痫病等疾病会影响婴儿的大脑发育。在美国,附近10,000个婴儿每年出生于脑瘫,大约470,000 children患有癫痫病,癫痫发作障碍。当前,没有办法准确捕获大脑活动来量化这些疾病的严重程度,而无需让婴儿入睡以进行磁共振成像(MRI)或正电子发射断层扫描(PET),因为两者都需要静止。

“Imaging helps us understand what parts of the brain are not functioning normally, which is critical for locating a seizure focus in epilepsy and understanding brain dysfunction after stroke, among other neurological diseases,” said Manish N. Shah, MD, assistant professor in the Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery with McGovern Medical School at UTHealth and pediatric neurosurgeon withUT医生和Uthealth神经科学。“ MRI和PET扫描都很昂贵,既容纳在医院的其他区域,并且需要小孩麻醉,因此我们必须找到一种新的方法来获取我们需要的那种功能性的大脑映射。”Shah还是儿童纪念馆赫尔曼医院的儿科痉挛和癫痫手术主任。

为了创建婴儿可以在护理人员的手臂上戴床边的帽子,Shah与Banghe Zhu,博士,分子成像中心的助理教授和Eva SevickBrown基金会分子医学研究所预防麦戈文医学院的人类疾病,博士学位,教授兼主任。第一代设备在几分钟内捕获成像,随后的设计应允许在几秒钟内进行成像。

“帽放在孩子和near-inf无害rared light is passed through from one side and collected on the other side of the cap. Using a sensitive detector system, we can use the collected light to rebuild a 3D high-resolution picture of brain activity,” Shah said. “When we know what part of the brain is not functioning, we can either remove it, like in epilepsy; or stimulate it, like in epilepsy, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease, or depression, etc. Better diagnosis yields more precise treatment and an improved outcome for the patient.”

Shah将成像帽的想法带到了分子成像中心的Sevick和Zhu。

“We needed to find a way to detect very weakly transmitted near-infrared light and avoid interference. To overcome this, we adapted a ‘night-vision goggle’ technology,” said Zhu, the lead biomedical optical engineer on the project.

Sevick说,激光光对婴儿无害 - 光线比在杂货店扫描仪中使用的激光二极管昏暗。

“军方使用夜护目镜来检测近红外的热签名。朱正在使用同一天晚上的窥镜技术来检测新生儿大脑中传播的昏暗,近红外的光。从收集到的光中,Zhu使用数学算法来确定吸收光吸收的血红蛋白水平的图,这可以提供脑损伤的临床信息。beplay苹果手机能用吗。“以前从未有人能够创建一种足够敏感的光学设备,可以快速跨大脑进行成像。”

在临床环境中,医师和科学家之间开发了原型,反复试验和误差以及科学家之间的密切沟通花了大约三年的时间。

“I had never worked on a project from bench to bedside, so this is really a unique project for me,” Zhu said.

“It’s really rare for ideas to go from the bench to the bedside so quickly and successfully as our team executed,” Sevick said. “Success takes a special clinician to be patient with the ‘quirks’ of the engineers while maintaining the primary focus on clinical care. Our engineering team also listened carefully to the clinicians and worked in partnership with them to yield this exciting outcome.”

由于该设备可以在醒着和活跃时佩戴,因此研究人员和医生为脑瘫等运动障碍的诊断和治疗彻底彻底改变了门。beplay苹果手机能用吗

Shah说:“下一步是制定更高的分辨率设备,并继续从中风和癫痫病的儿童那里收集数据,以更好地了解疾病。”

The project was funded by grants from the Memorial Hermann Foundation and a Men of Distinction award to Shah for excellence in community achievement.

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