Selvaraj关于分子精神病学后尸体脑研究的评论
A recent review and meta-analysis of postmortem brain studies from the lab of医学博士Sudhakar Selvaraj，副教授the Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, was published in the January edition ofMolecular Psychiatry.
该研究研beplay苹果手机能用吗究了对引起双极（BD）和主要抑郁症（MDD）进行多种突触蛋白进行的各种研究的矛盾结果。MDD和BD影响近20％的人口，是最普遍的情绪障碍之一。
“MDD and BD are considered heterogeneous conditions with multiple underlying pathophysiological mechanism that include genetic, immune, synaptic, cellular stress and oxidative response pathways,” the authors said. “However, the exact pathophysiology of mood disorders is still not known but is likely multifactorial.”
Postmortem brain studies of BD and MDD patients have implicated synaptic dysfunction leading to morphological and cellular changes in brain regions. These changes include reduced glial cell density and neuronal size in the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and anterior cingulate cortex, and show that synaptic function-related genes and synaptic function-related genes are decreased in patients with these disorders.
However, in various other postmortem studies in MDD and BD patients have shown discrepancies in comparison to other findings, including increases, decreases, and no change in synaptic proteins.
作者说：“鉴于这些差异，我们在本综述和荟萃分析中的主要目标是系统地合成MDD和BD中突触蛋白改变的证据，并确定这些改变是否位于大脑区域中。”“我们假设在MDD和BD的额叶和边缘大脑区域中，突触蛋白和mRNA将减少。”
使用3,954个记录的几个生物医学数据库的全面搜索，该小组将搜索范围缩小到24个独特的研究，以进行主要和次要分析。在这些研究中，六个研究了BD中的SNAP-25蛋白水平，而八个研究了BD中的突触素蛋白水平，而在MDD中另外六个研究的突触蛋白蛋白水平。
The research focused around synaptophysin, proteins associated with the Snap Receptor (SNARE) complex, and the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). According to the authors, proteins from the SNARE complex are necessary for vesicular docking and fusion with the presynaptic membrane, while PSD-95 is necessary for synaptic excitability.
“Given the importance of these proteins in synaptic communication, understanding the levels of these proteins in BD and MDD is important in understanding the pathophysiology of these mood disorders,” the authors said.”
该小组的发现与以前的文献一致，发现双相情感障碍患者的SNAP-25蛋白水平较低，并且在某些大脑区域的定位中没有差异。他们还发现，由于PSD-94在稳定受体和突触强度的调节中的关键作用，蛋白质的降低可能是树突状脊柱损失的原因。
“To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and metanalyses of synaptic protein studies in MDD and BD to evaluate the localization and levels of synaptic proteins and mRNAs in these mood disorders,” the authors said. “While exploratory, this analysis may guide further research and inquiry into these critical synaptic proteins.”
The paper titled “Alterations in brain synaptic proteins and mRNAs in mood disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of postmortem brain studies”由第一作者共同撰写爱迪生梁，医学博士;Ethan W. Lau;和Andi Liang;也Constanza de Dios, PhD， 博士后研究员;beplay苹果手机能用吗Robert Suchting, PhD，精神病学助理教授；Linda Östlundh;Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD;Masahiro Fujita，医学博士;医学博士Marsal Sanches，博士;Jair C. Soares，医学博士，博士;精神病学教授兼主席；和Selvaraj。