Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

What is Lumbar Spondylolisthesis?

腰脊椎滑星occurs when a vertebra in the lower spine shifts out of place and onto the bone below it, often because of weakness or a stress fracture. It is more common in young athletes and older adults who suffer from arthritis. It can cause pain, stiffness, and muscle spasms.

Non-surgical options are often successful in relieving the symptoms, but sometimes surgery is needed. Spinal fusion is one of the more common options to relieve lumbar spondylolisthesis.

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Causes of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

通常，腰椎脊椎滑落术是由脊柱溶解，pars骨间骨间骨折的裂纹或应力骨折引起的，椎骨间是连接上部和下部小平面关节的椎骨的薄部分。

在儿童中，脊椎滑脱通常发生在下背部的第五骨（腰椎）和ac骨（骨盆）区域的第一个骨头之间。受伤最常见于参加体育运动的儿童和青少年，涉及在下背部反复压力，包括足球，举重和体操。重复应力会在椎骨的一侧或两侧引起骨折。它也可能是由于腰椎出生缺陷或急性损伤引起的。

在成年人中，最常见的原因是软骨和骨骼的异常磨损，例如通过关节炎。这种病影响50岁以上的人，在女性中比男性更普遍。骨骼疾病和骨折也会引起腰椎脊椎滑脱。遗传学可能起作用，因为有些人天生就有比正常的椎骨稀薄。

腰脊椎滑星和诊断的早期迹象

Symptoms of spondylolisthesis may vary from none to mild to severe. The most common symptom is low back pain.

The condition can cause lordosis (swayback). In later stages it may result in kyphosis (roundback) as the upper spine falls off the lower spine. General symptoms are lower back pain; muscle tightness in the hamstrings; pain, numbness, or tingling in the thighs and buttocks; tenderness in the area of the vertebra that is out of place; weakness in the legs; and difficulty standing and walking.

Our spine specialists diagnose spondylolisthesis by taking a thorough medical history, conducting a physical exam, and asking you to undergo imaging studies that may include X-ray, CT scan, or MRI scan.

Treatments for Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

Your doctor may use X-rays, CT scans, or an MRI, as well as a physical exam, to determine the severity of your condition. Initial treatment may include rest, physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral corticosteroids, and/or bracing that limits movement of the spine and allows the fracture to heal.

Surgery may be recommended for patients who have severe or high-grade slippage of the vertebra, such as when more than 50% of the fractured vertebra slips forward on the vertebra below it. The procedures most often recommended for people with lumbar spondylolisthesis are spinal fusion or a laminectomy to decompress the nerves.

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脖子和脊柱解剖

脊柱分为以下区域：

• The cervical region (vertebrae C1-C7) encompasses the first seven vertebrae under the skull. Their main function is to support the weight of the head, which averages 10 pounds. The cervical vertebrae are more mobile than other areas, with the atlas and axis vertebra facilitating a wide range of motion in the neck. Openings in these vertebrae allow arteries to carry blood to the brain and permit the spinal cord to pass through. They are the thinnest and most delicate vertebrae.
• 胸部区域（椎骨T1-T12）由上胸部的12个小骨头组成。胸椎是唯一支撑肋骨的椎骨。姿势不良，关节炎和骨质疏松症的肌肉紧张是该地区疼痛的常见来源。
• 腰部区域（椎骨L1-L5）具有更大的椎骨，以吸收举重和携带重物的压力。腰部区域的伤害会导致臀部，腿部和膀胱控制的功能损失。
• s骨区域（椎骨S1-S5）在脊柱底部包括一个大骨。ac骨是三角形的，由五个保护骨盆器官的熔融骨头组成。

脊柱疾病和背痛

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